The whole ceremony was the completion of that dedication of the harvest to God as its giver, and to whom both the land and the people were holy, which was begun by the offering of the wave-sheaf at the Passover. ( Leviticus 23:18 Leviticus 23:19 ) Till the pentecostal leaves were offered, the produce of the harvest might not be eaten, nor could any other firstfruits be offered. The other sacrifices were, a burnt offering of a young bullock, two, rams and seven lambs with a meat and drink offering, and a kid for a sin offering. With the loaves two lambs were offered as a peace offering and all were waved before Jehovah and given to the priests the leaves being leavened, could not be offered on the altar. ( deuteronomy 16:10 deuteronomy 16:11 ) The great feature of the celebration was the presentation of the two loaves made from the first-fruits of the wheat harvest. The Pentecost was the Jewish harvest-home, and the people were especially exhorted to rejoice before Jehovah with their families their servants, the Levite within their gates, the stranger, the fatherless and the widow in the place chosen by God for his name, as they brought a free-will offering of their hand to Jehovah their God. ( Exodus 23:16 34:22 Leviticus 23:15 Leviticus 23:22 Numbers 28 ) See Jewish calendar at the end of this volume.
From the sixteenth of Nisan seven weeks were reckoned inclusively, and the next or fiftieth day was the day of Pentecost, which fell on the sixth of Sivan (about the end of May). That is, the fiftieth day (from a Greek word meaning fiftieth), or Harvest Feast, or Feast of Weeks, may be regarded as a supplement to the Passover. indicates this entry was also found in Smith's Bible DictionaryĮaston, Matthew George. indicates this entry was also found in Hitchcock's Bible Names indicates this entry was also found in Baker's Evangelical Dictionary indicates this entry was also found in Nave's Topical Bible Easton M.A., D.D., Illustrated Bible Dictionary, Third Edition, The day of Pentecost is noted in the Christian Church as the day on which the Spirit descended upon the apostles, and on which, under Peter's preaching, so many thousands were converted in Jerusalem ( Acts 2 ). Its distinguishing feature was the offering of "two leavened loaves" made from the new corn of the completed harvest, which, with two lambs, were waved before the Lord as a thank offering. The purpose of this feast was to commemorate the completion of the grain harvest. Besides the sacrifices prescribed for the occasion, every one was to bring to the Lord his "tribute of a free-will offering" ( Deuteronomy 16:9-11 ). The manner in which it was to be kept is described in Leviticus 23:15-19 Numbers 28:27-29. From the sixteenth of the month of Nisan (the second day of the Passover), seven complete weeks, i.e., forty-nine days, were to be reckoned, and this feast was held on the fiftieth day. The festival so named is first spoken of in Exodus 23:16 as "the feast of harvest," and again in Exodus 34:22 as "the day of the firstfruits" ( Numbers 28:26 ). I.e., "fiftieth", found only in the New Testament ( Acts 2:1 20:16 1 Corinthians 16:8 ).
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